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Command line

The Rules block ships two top-level kis commands. rules runs a rule set over JSON inputs, optionally with the bounding-box document and page image beside each one, and rules check checks a product’s rules/ folder the way rules.svc loads it. bbox makes, checks and inspects the .bbox documents the rules read, and reads form controls on a scanned page.

kis rules is the only command that runs rules.

CommandWhat it doesRuns rules
kis rulesRuns a rule set over JSON inputs, one execution per input or one over all of themyes
kis rules checkChecks a product’s rules/ folder as rules.svc loads itno
kis bbox createConvert hOCR to .bbox JSONno
kis bbox validateCheck that .bbox files are structurally soundno
kis bbox checkboxDetect checkboxes on a page and print their statesno
kis bbox radioDetect radio buttons on a page and print their statesno
kis bbox probeShow what a label-relative read sees around a label, and why it missesno
kis bbox tablesDetect and print every tableno
kis bbox tablePrint the one table nearest an anchorno
kis bbox phraseFind a phrase, with page, coordinates and contextno
kis bbox snippetExtract text between two phrasesno
kis bbox snippetsExtract several named snippets in one passno

Documents are a command-line surface today. rules.svc serves no documents: a rule set that reads a document (bbox.*) runs through kis rules, and a scope whose rules name bbox does not load on the service. See The rules service.

Both commands are proxy stubs on the kis binary. Each one forwards its arguments verbatim to the separately installed kis-rules plugin executable, which is where the actual implementation lives. kis looks for that executable in this order and takes the first executable match:

  1. The directory containing the running kis binary.
  2. ~/.kisai/bin/.
  3. Every entry of $KIS_PLUGIN_PATH.
  4. Every entry of $PATH.

kis also passes the program name you typed to the plugin, so kis rules --help prints Usage: kis rules [flags].

Because the proxy commands disable flag parsing, flags for kis itself must come before the command name. Anything after it is forwarded to the plugin untouched.

Terminal window
kis --quiet rules -r rules/ -i pages/
FlagShortTypeDefaultMeaning
--quiet-qboolfalseSuppress non-error output
--tenantstring""Tenant override
--log-level-lstringerrortrace, debug, info, warn, error
--log-tostringstderrstderr, stdout, or a file path
--log-formatstringtexttext or json
--env-filestring""Env YAML file to use instead of ~/.kisai/env.yaml

The plugin itself understands -l/--log-level and --env-file anywhere after the command name, so kis rules -l debug ... works. The other four are interpreted only in the leading position.

Environment variables on this path: KIS_PLUGIN_PATH (extra plugin search directories), KIS_ENV (selects the active env.yaml block), KIS_ENV_FILE (overrides the global env file), and KIS_DEBUG, KIS_QUIET, KIS_TENANT, KIS_LOGLEVEL, KIS_LOGTO, KIS_LOGFORMAT, which seed the context handed to the plugin.

Before a command runs, any flag you did not type on the command line is filled from env.yaml. Keys are the flag’s long name verbatim, lowercase, no prefix, no command nesting.

# ./env.yaml, or ~/.kisai/env.yaml
default:
workers: 4
pattern: "page*.json"
log-level: info

Two files feed flag defaults, lowest precedence first: the global file ($KIS_ENV_FILE or ~/.kisai/env.yaml), then ./env.yaml. Within each file only the block named by $KIS_ENV is read, falling back to default. Resolution is: explicit flag > env.yaml > compiled-in default. The ambient OS environment never feeds flag values. env-file cannot be set this way, it selects the file being loaded.

kis rules -r <rulefile|ruledir> [input...]

Runs a rule set over JSON inputs. Each input’s top-level keys become the facts a rule reads.

A positional argument may be a directory (globbed with -p), a .json or .bbox path (the extension is stripped), or a bare name resolved against -i. With no positional arguments the -i directory itself is globbed. Duplicates are removed. Input discovery is a single non-recursive glob; -R affects rule file discovery only.

Terminal window
kis rules -r rules/ -i pages/
kis rules -r rules/ pages/page1.json
kis rules -r rules/ pages/*.json
kis rules -r rules/ --with-bbox --with-image -i pages/
kis rules -r rules/ --with-bbox --mode doc -o result.json pages/
kis rules -r rules/ -i pages/ --update
kis rules -r rules/ --validate --strict
kis rules -r products/shop --scope invoice-review -i invoices/
FlagShortTypeDefaultMeaning
--rules-rstring slice(required)Rule file or directory of rules; with --scope, the product’s rules/ folder or its root
--scopestring""Run a product’s scope by name, as rules.svc does: a static scope of rules/rules.yaml or a top folder
--input-istring.Base directory for resolving inputs
--pattern-pstring*.jsonBasename glob for directory arguments, non-recursive
--skip-patternstring slicenilExtra basename globs to exclude
--modestringeacheach runs once per input, doc merges every input and runs once
--output-ostring""Directory in --mode each, file in --mode doc; stdout when unset
--updateboolfalseMerge results into the source .json (--mode each only)
--key-kstring""Nest the result under this key
--rulesetstringrulesName the rule set is compiled and executed under
--workers-wint1Parallel executions in --mode each, clamped to [1, inputs]
--facts-keystringpagesIn --mode doc, the key holding the per-input facts array
--facts-fstring slicenilExtra fact file, key=path or bare path
--vars-vstring slicenilkey=value facts, injected as strings
--bbox-bstring slicenilBounding-box document to inject, [name=]path (default name bbox)
--with-bboxboolfalseLoad <input>.bbox beside each input
--require-bboxboolfalseImplies --with-bbox; an input without a sidecar is dropped
--bbox-namestringper modeName the sidecar is injected under: page in each, doc in doc
--with-imageboolfalseLoad the page image beside each input and attach it to the sidecar
--require-imageboolfalseImplies --with-image; an input without one is dropped
--imagestring slicenilPage image for a named document, [name=]path
--schemastring slicenilA .schema file to register (repeatable)
--schemasstring slicenilDirectory of *.schema files, non-recursive
--recursive-RboolfalseRecurse when discovering rule files
--validateboolfalseCheck rule calls against the registered bindings; execute nothing
--strictboolfalseWith --validate, exit non-zero on any error diagnostic or unparsed file
--historyboolfalsePrint the history of value changes
--auditboolfalsePrint the audit log
--history-auditstring""Directory for the -hist-audit.json sidecars
--debugboolfalsePrint load, worker and write progress

--rules, --facts, --vars, --bbox, --image, --schema and --schemas are repeatable and also split on commas, so -r a.grl,b.grl is two values and a path containing a comma breaks. The hidden spellings --recursive-rules and --with-bbox-name still parse, as -R and --bbox-name.

-r loads the .grl files and vocabulary files of a directory, or every one in the tree with -R, into one rule set. A file named directly must be a .grl file or a vocabulary file: anything else fails the load with a grule set is .grl and vocabulary files. Inside a directory, other files are skipped silently.

*-hist-audit.json is always excluded from input matching, in addition to any --skip-pattern you give. An invalid --skip-pattern glob fails up front with invalid --skip-pattern "<pat>": <err>.

In --mode each, each input’s top-level keys are bound as facts, each under its own name. -f files and -v values overlay them: -f key=path nests the file’s contents under key; a bare -f path merges the file’s top-level keys into the fact root. -v values are always strings, -v threshold=10 gives a rule the string "10", never the number. Variables overlay facts loaded from -f.

Terminal window
kis rules -r rules/ -i pages/ -f ref=lookup.json -v env=prod -b mydoc=pages/page1.bbox

A rule reads a nested fact with a dotted path through in, in.Str("ref.region", ""), as it would on rules.svc. See Reading facts.

--scope <name> runs one of a product’s scopes the way rules.svc does: a static scope of rules/rules.yaml, or a top folder of rules/ with the folders under it. -r names the product’s rules/ folder, or the product’s root holding one. The folder is loaded as rules.svc loads it, so a set with a call that cannot resolve does not start, and each input is held to the scope’s declared facts.

Terminal window
kis rules -r products/shop --scope invoice-review -i invoices/
the product has no scope nope: no static scope of rules/rules.yaml and no folder rules/nope/

A static scope that reads data through its sources runs on rules.svc only, where the sources are: kis rules --scope refuses it. See Scopes.

--mode each (the default) runs the rule set once per input, across --workers goroutines. Each input’s own JSON keys are its facts.

--mode doc merges every input’s .bbox into one multi-page document under --bbox-name, injects the per-input facts as an array under --facts-key, and runs the rule set exactly once. Merging renumbers pages: each page’s number, and each word’s page, becomes a sequential index over the whole merged document. There is no --workers. It is a single execution.

Terminal window
kis rules -r rules/ --with-bbox --mode doc -i pages/
kis rules -r rules/ --with-bbox --mode doc --facts-key documents pages/

A .bbox that does not parse fails the merge, naming the file.

With neither -o nor --update, results go to stdout:

Terminal window
kis rules -r classify.grl -i pages --with-bbox --history --audit page1
--- History for /work/pages/page1.json ---
1. [DetectInvoice] doctype = "invoice"
--- Audit for /work/pages/page1.json ---
1. [DetectInvoice] executed
2. [DetectInvoice] matched the phrase 'Invoice Number'
Result for /work/pages/page1.json:
{
"doctype": "invoice"
}
Processed 1/1 input(s) successfully

The executed audit entry is added by the engine for every rule that fires; the second line is the rule’s own audit.Log call. Findings a rule raises with findings.* are not printed.

-o writes the rule results alone to the mirrored path under that directory, leaving the source untouched. --update merges the results back into the source .json; an execution that produced an empty result map writes nothing at all. Given both, -o wins and a warning says so:

warning: --update is redundant with -o and was ignored; -o writes the rule results and leaves the source untouched
Terminal window
kis rules -r rules/ -i pages/ -o results/ -k rules_result
kis rules -r rules/ -i pages/ --update

In --mode doc, -o names a file, and a directory of that name is refused up front rather than failing inside the write.

For a sidecar per input, use --with-bbox, and name it to match what your rules call:

Terminal window
kis rules -r classify.grl -i pages/ --with-bbox --bbox-name page

An explicitly named -b of the same name overrides the discovered sidecar rather than racing it.

InvocationFlag that sets the nameDefault name
kis rules -b [name=]filethe name= prefixbbox
kis rules --with-bbox--bbox-namepage
kis rules --with-bbox --mode doc--bbox-namedoc

A --require-bbox input whose sidecar is missing is dropped when it came from a directory glob or a shell-expanded path, the glob simply matched a file that is not an input, and is an error when you named the prefix yourself, since a name you typed cannot be glob noise. Either way the drop is reported:

warning: skipped 1 input(s) with no .bbox sidecar: page3.json

--with-image loads the page image sitting beside each input, same basename, .png, .jpg, .jpeg, .tif or .tiff, first match wins in that order, and attaches it to the sidecar document.

This is what makes checkbox and radio state read from ink rather than be guessed from OCR glyphs. It requires --with-bbox, since the image attaches to a document, and it cannot combine with --mode doc, since visual fusion is per page and that mode produces one multi-page document. Both combinations are refused up front.

Terminal window
kis rules -r forms.grl -i pages/ --with-bbox --with-image
kis rules -r forms.grl -i pages/ --with-bbox --image page=scan-hi-res.png

An image that is found but cannot be decoded is an error, not a silent downgrade to text-only: decoding page image <path>: image: unknown format, a sidecar image that is simply absent leaves the run text-only unless --require-image was given, which drops the input and reports it.

Terminal window
kis rules -r rules/ --schema schemas/invoice.schema -i pages/
kis rules -r rules/ --schemas schemas/ --mode doc pages/

The filename minus .schema is the name rules call it by, so invoice.schema registers as invoice. --schemas is non-recursive. Duplicate names across --schema and --schemas are a hard error. See Schema-driven extraction.

Checking a rule set without running it: —validate

Section titled “Checking a rule set without running it: —validate”
Terminal window
kis rules -r rules/ --validate
kis rules -r rules/ --validate --strict

--validate resolves every call in the rule set against the registered bindings and prints diagnostics without reading any input, so no -i is needed. The bounding-box plugin is registered unconditionally under --validate so bbox.* calls are checked too. Files that failed to parse are listed first, they are not in the rule set to be checked at all, then error diagnostics with their line, then warnings rolled up by the call they are about. Without --strict the command exits 0 whatever it found; --strict turns any error, or any unparsed file, into a non-zero exit.

1 file(s) did not parse at all (excluded below):
/work/rules/dates.grl: got 1 error(s) in grl the script
CheckTotals:5: error: findings.Add takes 5 argument(s), called with 3
findings.Add("CheckTotals", "ERROR", "totals");
5 diagnostic(s): 1 error(s), 4 warning(s)
Warnings by kind:
3 in.GetStr
1 in.MemSet

See Validating a rule set for what is and is not checked.

kis rules check [rules-dir|product-dir]

Checks a product’s rules/ folder offline, with the same code rules.svc loads it with: rules/rules.yaml read strictly, each static scope’s declarations, every folder of rules alone and each top folder with the folders under it, every call that cannot resolve, and each static scope’s literal act calls against its declared writes. Nothing runs and no input is read.

The argument is the rules/ folder, or a product’s root holding one; it defaults to rules.

Terminal window
kis rules check
kis rules check products/shop
rules: 1 folder scope(s), 0 static scope(s): they load
claim-triage folder, 1 rule file(s)

A folder that does not load prints what rules.svc would refuse it for, and exits 1:

rules "claim-triage/**" do not validate:
rules/claim-triage/typo.grl: rule Typo, line 3: strings has no method ToUper (did you mean ToUpper?)

A file that does not parse is reported by name with the parser’s count, rules/a/b.grl: got 1 error(s) in grl the script.

Commands for making, checking and reading .bbox documents, the format the rules read: pages of words, lines and paragraphs, each with coordinates and a confidence. No rules are loaded and nothing is written back to an input.

The reading commands, tables, table, phrase, snippet, snippets and probe, concatenate their repeatable -i/--input values with their positional file arguments and treat the result as one input list, so shell globs and -i mix freely. All pages across all inputs are renumbered sequentially into one merged document before analysis. -i, --snip and -H are taken literally. They do not split on commas, so repeat the flag instead.

A miss is not an error. No matches found for phrase: "<p>", No snippet found between "<s>" and "<e>", No table found near anchor: <a> and No tables detected. are all printed to the output stream, so they land in an -o file too, and the command exits 0. Of the checks these commands run on what they found, only bbox table -H validation failure exits non-zero, an unreadable input file always exits non-zero.

kis bbox create [files-or-dirs...] [flags]

Converts recognizer output into the .bbox JSON that every other command consumes. Today the only input format is hOCR. Files and directories may be passed as arguments, with -i, or both; named files are converted regardless of extension, and directories are scanned, non-recursively, for *.hocr and *.hocr.html.

FlagShortTypeDefaultMeaning
--input-istring""A file or directory to convert, beside any arguments
--output-ostring""Output file (single input) or directory (several inputs); beside the input when unset
--formatstringautoInput format: auto or hocr. The output is always .bbox
--workers-wint4Parallel conversions when processing a directory
--incrementalboolfalseSkip inputs whose .bbox is already present and newer
--cleanboolfalseOCR text cleanup: normalise unicode, fix quotes and dashes, drop garbage characters
--clean-formboolfalseForm-aware cleanup that preserves and normalises checkbox and radio indicators
--verbose-vboolfalseWarn about content the parser may have missed
Terminal window
kis bbox create page.hocr --clean
kis bbox create *.hocr
kis bbox create -i scans/ -o bbox/ -w 8 --clean-form -v

Output is one pretty-printed .bbox file per input, named after the input basename with the extension replaced. --clean-form takes precedence when both cleanup flags are given.

The produced document, abridged to one word, hOCR line and paragraph grouping is carried through as lines and paragraphs arrays beside words on each page:

{
"pages": [
{
"number": 1,
"width": 1224,
"height": 1584,
"words": [
{
"text": "Invoice",
"box": { "x0": 100, "y0": 100, "x1": 260, "y1": 140 },
"confidence": 0.96,
"page": 1,
"line_id": 1
}
]
}
]
}

With no input at all the command fails with No input: pass one or more hocr files or directories as arguments (or with --input); inputs that hold no hOCR file fail with no hocr files found in the given input(s), after a note naming what the scan matched.

kis bbox validate [files-or-dirs...] [flags]

Checks .bbox files for the defects that make downstream extraction inexplicable rather than merely wrong: non-finite or inverted boxes, indices pointing outside the lists they address, confidences out of range. It exits non-zero when any file has an error; warnings, an empty page or a box off the edge of its page, fail only with --strict.

FlagShortTypeDefaultMeaning
--input-istring slicenilFile or directory to check, beside any arguments
--jsonboolfalseEmit the report as JSON
--quiet-qboolfalsePrint only files with findings
--strictboolfalseTreat warnings as failures
ok page.bbox (1 page(s), 14 words, 0 lines, 0 paragraphs)
kis bbox checkbox <image|hocr|bbox>...
kis bbox radio <image|hocr|bbox>...

Detect form controls on a page and print their states as JSON. These run no rules. For a .hocr or .bbox input the sibling .png, .jpg or .jpeg is used as the page image unless --image names one, so state is read from ink rather than guessed from OCR glyphs.

FlagTypeDefaultMeaning
--imagestringthe input, or its sibling imagePage image for visual fusion
--labelstring slicenilAnswer only for these labels; needs the page image
--min-confidencefloat0Drop detections below this confidence
--no-groupsboolfalseOmit the grouped view (yes/no pairs and the like)
--no-visualboolfalseText-only detection
--langstringengTesseract language(s)
--psmint-1Tesseract page segmentation mode
--tesseract-binstringtesseractPath to the tesseract binary
--output, -ostringstdoutOutput file

Full detail is in Extraction.

kis bbox probe -a "<label>" -i <file.bbox>

Shows what a rule’s label-relative reads, Right, Below, Left and Above, see around a label, with the coercions applied to each, and why a read misses. --all lists every neighbour, not just the nearest few.

LABEL "Loan Amount"
matches: 1
READS
Right "$412,000.00"
Currency="412000.00" Number=412000 Date=""
value at p1 (300,220)
Left MISS label found but no value left of it: Loan Amount
kis bbox tables [files...]
FlagShortTypeDefaultMeaning
--input-istring arraynilPath to a bounding-box file (repeatable)
--format-fstringtexttext, json or csv
--output-ostring"" (stdout)Output file path
Terminal window
kis bbox tables data/page1.bbox
kis bbox tables *.bbox -f csv -o tables.csv
=== Table 1 (Page 1) ===
Dimensions: 2 rows x 3 columns
Invoice | Number | INV-42
Total | | 120.00

Cells are padded to the widest value in their column, minimum width 3. When the table has detected headers the text output adds a Headers: ... line and a dashed separator under the header rows.

-f json emits {"tables":[{index,page,rows,cols,header_rows,headers?,data}]}. -f csv prefixes each table with a # Table N (Page P) comment line and separates tables with a blank line.

kis bbox table -a "<anchor>" [files...]
FlagShortTypeDefaultMeaning
--anchor-astring: (required)Anchor text; the nearest table is returned
--input-istring arraynilPath to a bounding-box file (repeatable)
--header-Hstring arraynilAn expected column header (repeatable)
--format-fstringtexttext, json or csv
--output-ostring"" (stdout)Output file path
Terminal window
kis bbox table -a "Price List" -H "Item" -H "Price" -H "Qty" doc.bbox
kis bbox table -a "Summary" -f json -o table.json doc.bbox

Every -H value must be present or the command prints Header validation failed: missing headers: <list> (found: <list>) and exits non-zero, a table with no detected header row fails the same way, with Header validation failed: table has no headers. Comparison is case-insensitive and trims whitespace.

The JSON and CSV shapes differ from tables: table -f json emits a bare object with no index field, and table -f csv emits bare rows with no # Table comment line. A consumer cannot treat the two interchangeably.

kis bbox phrase -p "<phrase>" [files...]
FlagShortTypeDefaultMeaning
--phrase-pstring: (required)Phrase to search for; multi-word is supported
--input-istring arraynilPath to a bounding-box file (repeatable)
--before-Bint3Context lines before each match
--after-Aint3Context lines after each match
--format-fstringtexttext or json
--output-ostring"" (stdout)Output file path
--case-insensitiveboolfalseIgnore case; matching is case-sensitive by default
--fuzzyboolfalseEnable Levenshtein fuzzy matching
--max-dist-wordint2Max edit distance per word (fuzzy only)
--max-dist-totalint3Max total edit distance for the phrase (fuzzy only)
Terminal window
kis bbox phrase -p "Invoice Number" data/page1.bbox
kis bbox phrase -p "Inviice Numbr" --fuzzy --max-dist-word 2 --max-dist-total 3 doc.bbox
Found 1 match(es) for phrase "Invoice Number"
=== Match 1 (Page 1) ===
Location: (72.0, 100.0) - (195.0, 112.0)
Line: 1
>> Invoice Number INV-42
Total 120.00

-f json emits {phrase,count,matches:[{index,page,line_index,box:{x0,y0,x1,y1},matched_text, lines_before?,lines_after?}]}. Fuzzy mode marks the text header (fuzzy), adds Edit Distance: and Matched Words: lines, and adds fuzzy, matched_words and total_distance to the JSON.

kis bbox snippet -s "<start>" -e "<end>" [files...]
FlagShortTypeDefaultMeaning
--start-sstring: (required)Starting phrase, included in the output
--end-estring: (required)Ending phrase, excluded unless --include-end
--input-istring arraynilPath to a bounding-box file (repeatable)
--format-fstringtexttext or json
--output-ostring"" (stdout)Output file path
--case-insensitiveboolfalseIgnore case when matching the two phrases
--include-endboolfalseInclude the ending phrase in the output
--fuzzyint0Max Levenshtein distance per word; 0 is exact
--debugboolfalseDump phrase-matching diagnostics to the output stream
Terminal window
kis bbox snippet -s "Invoice" -e "Total" --include-end data/page1.bbox
kis bbox snippet -s "TERMS AND CONDITIONS" -e "SIGNATURE" --fuzzy 2 doc.bbox

Text output is === Snippet (Page A to B) ===, the two phrases, a blank line, then the extracted lines. -f json emits {start_phrase,end_phrase,start_page,end_page,line_count,text,lines}, where text is lines joined by newlines.

--debug writes line and page counts, every start- and end-phrase match, a direct case-insensitive line scan, per-word block listings with their coordinates, and a spatial comparison of the first two matched blocks, all to the output stream, so do not combine it with -o and a JSON consumer.

kis bbox snippets --snip "name|start|end" [--snip ...] [files...]
FlagShortTypeDefaultMeaning
--snipstring array: (required)"name|start phrase|end phrase" (repeatable)
--input-istring arraynilPath to a bounding-box file (repeatable)
--output-ostring"" (stdout)Output file path
--case-insensitiveboolfalseIgnore case for every snippet
--include-endboolfalseInclude the ending phrase for every snippet
--fuzzyint0Max Levenshtein distance per word; 0 is exact

Each --snip value is split on the first two pipes, every part is whitespace-trimmed, and none may be empty. Output is always a single JSON object mapping snippet name to extracted text, there is no format flag.

Terminal window
kis bbox snippets --snip "hdr|Invoice Number|Total" data/page1.bbox
kis bbox snippets --snip "header|Invoice|Total" --snip "footer|Terms|END" -i pages/page1.bbox
{
"hdr": "Invoice Number INV-42"
}

A snippet that is not found maps to "" and the command still exits 0.

--history and --audit print their section and also record it in a <basename>-hist-audit.json sidecar. --history-audit <dir> routes the sidecars to a directory, mirroring each input’s relative path from -i, and on its own asks for both sections, naming an output directory is only meaningful if something is written there.

Nothing is written unless one of those three flags asked for it. --mode doc writes one sidecar, named after the first resolved input.

{
"history": [
{ "rule_id": "ClassifyStatement", "key": "document_type", "value": "BANK_STATEMENT" }
],
"audit": [
{ "rule_id": "ClassifyStatement", "message": "executed" },
{ "rule_id": "ClassifyStatement", "message": "header matched" }
]
}

Every command exits non-zero on failure. kis rules prints a per-input line, continues with the remaining inputs, prints the count, then exits 1 if anything failed, partial success is still exit 1.

ERROR: /work/pages/page3.json: executing rules: executing ruleset rules: evaluating expression in rule 'ClassifyStatement' the when raised an error. got left hand expression error. got non existent key header
Processed 2/3 input(s) successfully
1 input(s) failed

Rule-evaluation errors arrive wrapped like that: the input, then executing rules:, then executing ruleset <name>:, then the engine’s own message. Read the tail first. It names the rule and the thing it could not resolve. What the rules wrote before the failure is not printed.

Those ERROR: lines go to stderr, and so do the warning: lines about dropped inputs and the final failure count. Results and the Processed N/M input(s) successfully line go to stdout.

kis propagates the plugin’s exit code verbatim, forwards SIGINT, SIGTERM and SIGHUP to it, and reports a signal-terminated plugin as 128+N. Usage text is suppressed on error at every level, so a failing command prints only its error line.

MessageCause
Error: '<command>' is not installed.The rules plugin is not on any search path
required flag(s) "rules" not set-r omitted; same shape for anchor, phrase, start, end, snip
flag needs an argument: --fuzzy--fuzzy with no value on bbox snippet / bbox snippets
no inputs resolved (...)Nothing matched, a hard error, not a no-op. Under --require-bbox, usually every .json lacked its .bbox; the warning: line above names them
loading rules: <file>: got N error(s) in grl the scriptA rule file did not parse, or reintroduced a rule name already in the set
loading rules: <file>: a grule set is .grl and vocabulary files-r named a file that is neither
the product has no scope <name>: ...--scope named neither a static scope nor a top folder
rules "<scope>" do not validate:kis rules check or --scope found a call that cannot resolve
at least one input file is required (use positional args or -i flag)A kis bbox reading subcommand got neither -i nor a file
invalid var format "<v>": expected key=valueA -v entry with no =
invalid fact specification "<spec>": name and path must not be emptyA -f entry like =path or key=
invalid bbox specification "<spec>": name and path must not be emptyA -b entry like =path or key=
invalid snippet definition "<s>": expected "name|start phrase|end phrase"A --snip value that did not split into three non-empty parts
invalid --skip-pattern "<pat>": <err>A --skip-pattern that is not a valid glob
No input: pass one or more hocr files or directories ...kis bbox create run with no input
... the when raised an error. got non existent key <fact>A rule read a fact the input did not supply
... have no function named <Method>A misspelt method, reached at run time; --validate finds it first
Header validation failed: missing headers: <list> (found: <list>)A bbox table -H value is absent
Header validation failed: table has no headersbbox table -H on a table with no detected header row

Rule-evaluation failures surface here too, a missing fact key, a wrong document name or a bad function call aborts the whole execution for that input; see Troubleshooting.